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Shipping
Container Lines
Below is a list of major lines, with links to their
website. We also have a handy section on
shipping container
terminology.
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ALASKA TANKER CO.
AMERICAN PRESIDENT LINES (APL
Limited)
ATLANTIC CONTAINER LINE
AURORA TANKERS
BARBER SHIP MANAGEMENT
CANADA STEAMSHIP LINES
CENTRAL GULF LINES
CHILEAN LINE (CCNI)
CHINA OCEAN SHIPPING CO.
(COSCO)
CHINA SHIPPING CONTAINER LINES
CMA CGM
CP SHIPS
CROWLEY MARINE
CROWLEY LINER SERVICES
CSAV/COMPANIA SUD AMERICA de
VAPORES
DIRECT CONTAINER LINE (DCL)
DOCKWISE
(Heavy Lift Ships)
DOLE OCEAN LINER EXPRESS
EASTERN CAR LINER, LTD.
EMPRESA DE NAVEGACAO ALIANCA
S.A.
EVERGREEN AMERICA CORPORATION
FESCO
FOREST LINES
GEARBULK
GREAT WHITE FLEET, LTD.(Chiquita
Brands)
HANJIN SHIPPING CO.
HAMBURG SUD LINE
HAPAG-LLOYD
HOEGH LINE
HOEGH AUTOLINERS (HUAL)
HORIZON LINES
(formerly CSX Lines)
HYDE SHIPPING CORPORATION
HYUNDAI MERCHANT MARINE, INC.
INDOTRANS PACIFIC (SWIRE
SHIPPING GROUP)
J. POULSON SHIPPING
JO TANKERS
"K"-LINE
AMERICA, INC.
LAURITZENCOOL REEFER LINES
MAERSK LINE
MARINE TRANSPORT CORP.
MARINE CHARTERING CO. INC
(MCCI)
MATSON NAVIGATION CO., INC.
MEDITERRANEAN SHIPPING CO.
MILITARY SEALIFT COMMAND
MITSUI-OSK LINES INC.
MOL (AMERICA)
NAVIERA CHILENA DEL PACIFICO
NEPTUNE ORIENT LINE
NORASIA LINE
NORDANA LINE AS
NORSK PACIFIC SS. CO LTD.
NYK LINE (NIPPON YUSEN KAISHA)
ODFJELL TANDERS
OMI CORP.
OOCL-ORIENT OVERSEAS CONTAINER
LINE (USA) INC.
PAN OCEAN SHIPPING CO., LTD.
POLAR TANKERS
POLYNESIA LINE
SAGA FOREST CARRIERS
SANKO LINE
SEABOARD MARINE
SEARIVER MARITIME
SEASPAN INTERNATIONAL
SENATOR LINES
SHELL SHIPPING
SINOTRANS (HK) SHIPPING
SKAARUP GROUP SHIPPING
STAR SHIPPING--302 W. 5th St.,
Ste. 101, San Pedro, CA 90731-2700, Tel:
562-485-6067
SUNMAR SHIPPING
TEEKAY SHIPPING
TMM - TRANSPORTACION MARITIMA
MEXICANA, SA de CV(TMM)
TORM LINES
TOYOFUJI LINE
TROPICAL SHIPPING
U.S. LINES (USL)
WALLENIUS WILHELMSEN LINE
WATERMAN STEAMSHIP CORPORATION
WESTERN BULK CARRIERS
WESTWOOD SHIPPING
YANG MING MARINE LINE
ZIM AMERICAN INTEGRATED
SHIPPING SERVICES
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Below is a list
of shipping container terminology, in alphabetical
order
ABI - U.S. Customs’ "Automated Broker Interface," by
which brokers file importers’ entries
electronically.
ABOARD - Referring to cargo being put, or laden,
onto a means of conveyance
ACQUIESCENCE - When a bill of lading is accepted or
signed by a shipper or shipper’s agent without
protest, the shipper is said to acquiesce to the
terms, giving a silent form of consent.
AD VALOREM DUTY - Duty expressed as a percentage
based on the customs value of the goods, eg 10 per
cent ad valorem means that the duty payable is 10
per cent of the customs value of the goods.
ADDENDUM - Clause or set of clauses attached to a
charter party and incorporated into it.
AFFREIGHTMENT - The hiring of a vessel. A contract
of affreightment may be simply a contract for the
hire of a vessel.
AGENCY TARIFF - A tariff published by an agent on
behalf of several carriers.
AGENT - Ship’s agent. Person who looks after the
interests of a vessel when it is in port. Their
duties include arranging pilotage, towage and berths
for a ship, signing the bills of lading and
collecting freight. The agent is paid a fee, agreed
in advance
with the shipowner.
AEO – Authorised Economic Operator. Can be forwarder
or carrier. An EU-wide initiative that recognises
standards of security and systems audit in return
for simplified customs treatment at borders. In the
interests of security, AEOs will supply electronic
pre-arrival and pre-departure messages
electronically.
AIS – Automatic Identification System. Preceded by
Ecpins – Electronic Chart and Precise Integrated
Navigation System.
ALLISION - The act if striking or collision of a
moving vessel against a stationary object.
ALONGSIDE - A phrase referring to the side of a
ship. Goods delivered "alongside" are to be placed
on the dock or barge within reach of the transport
ship’s tackle so that they can be loaded.
ARBITRATION - Method of settling disputes which is
usually binding on parties. A clause usually in a
charter party.
ARRIVAL NOTICE - A notification by carrier of ship’s
arrival to the consignee, the "Notify Party," and -
when
APPLICABLE - the "Also Notify Party." These parties
in interest are listed in blocks 3, 4 and 10,
respectively, of the Bill of Lading.
BACKFREIGHT - The owners of a ship are entitled to
payment as freight for merchandise returned through
the fault of either the consignees or the
consignors. Such payment, which is over and above
the normal freight, is called backfreight.
BACKHAUL - A deviation to move cargo on the return
leg of a voyage for the purpose of minimising
ballast mileage and thereby reducing transportation
costs
BEAM - Maximum breadth of a ship. Sometimes a factor
in determining whether a ship is suitable for a
particular port and, consequently if she is suitable
to be employed on a particular voyage.
BERTH - Place alongside a quay where a ship loads or
discharges cargo. Also often used to mean places
alongside a quay, each of which is capable of
accommodating only one ship at a time.
BERTH CARGO - When a liner cargo vessel accepts
extra cargo to fill up the empty space remaining
BENDS - Both ends.
BILL OF LADING (B/L) - A document that establishes
the terms of a contract between a shipper and a
transportation company. It serves as a document of
title, a contract of carriage and a receipt for
goods.
- Amended B/L: B/L requiring updates that do not
change financial status; this is slightly different
from corrected B/L.
- B/L Terms & Conditions: the fine print on B/L;
defines what the carrier can and cannot do,
including the carrier’s liabilities and contractual
agreements.
- B/L’s Status: represents whether the bill of
lading has been input, rated, reconciled, printed,
or released to the customer.
- B/L’s Type: refers to the type of B/L being
issued. Some examples are: a Memo (ME), Original
(OBL), Non negotiable, Corrected (CBL) or Amended
(AM) B/L.
- Canceled B/L: B/L status; used to cancel a
processed B/L; usually per shipper’s request;
different from voided B/L.
- Clean B/L: A B/L which bears no superimposed
clause or notation which declares a defective
condition of the goods and/or the packaging.
- Combined B/L: B/L that covers cargo moving over
various transports.
- Consolidated B/L: B/L combined or consolidated
from two or more B/L’s.
- Corrected B/L: B/L requiring any update which
results in money or other financially related
changes.
- Domestic B/L: Non-negotiable B/L primarily
containing routing details; usually used by truckers
and freight forwarders.
- Duplicate B/L: Another original Bill of Lading set
if first set is lost. also known as reissued B/L.
- Express B/L: Non-negotiable B/L where there are no
hard copies of originals printed.
- Freight B/L: A contract of carriage between a
shipper and forwarder (who is usually a NVOCC); a
non-negotiable document.
- Government B/L (GBL): A bill of lading issued by
the U.S. government.
- Hitchment B/L: B/L covering parts of a shipment
which are loaded at more than one location.
Hitchment B/L usually consists of two parts,
hitchment and hitchment memo. The hitchment portion
usually covers the majority of a divided shipment
and carries the entire revenue.
- House B/L: B/L issued by a freight forwarder or
consolidator covering a single shipment containing
the names, addresses and specific description of the
goods shipped.
- Intermodal B/L: B/L covering cargo moving via
multimodal means. Also known as Combined Transport
B/L, or Multimodal B/L.
- Long Form B/L: B/L form with all Terms &
Conditions written on it. Most B/L’s are short form
which incorporate the long form clauses by
reference.
- Memo B/L: Unfreighted B/L with no charges listed.
- Military B/L: B/L issued by the U.S. military;
also known as GBL, or Form DD1252.
- B/L Numbers: U.S. Customs’ standardized B/L
numbering format to facilitate electronic
communications and to make each B/L number unique.
- Negotiable B/L: The B/L is a title document to the
goods, issued "to the order of" a party, usually the
shipper, whose endorsement is required to effect is
negotiation. Thus, a shipper’s order (negotiable)
B/L can be bought, sold, or traded while goods are
in transit and is commonly used for letter-of-credit
transactions. The buyer must submit the original B/L
to the carrier in order to take possession of the
goods.
- Non-Negotiable B/L: See Straight B/L. Sometimes
means a file copy of a B/L.
- "Onboard" B/L: B/L validated at the time of
loading to transport. Onboard Air, Boxcar,
Container, Rail, Truck and Vessel are the most
common types.
- Optional Discharge B/L: B/L covering cargo with
more than one discharge point option possibility.
- "Order" B/L: See Negotiable B/L.
- Original B/L: The part of the B/L set that has
value, especially when negotiable; rest of set are
only informational file copies. Abbreviated as OBL.
- Received for Shipment B/L: Validated at time cargo
is received by ocean carrier to commence movement
but before being validated as "Onboard".
- Reconciled B/L: B/L set which has completed a
prescribed number of edits between the shippers
instructions and the actual shipment received. This
produces a very accurate B/L.
- Short Term B/L: Opposite of Long Form B/L, a B/L
without the Terms & Conditions written on it. Also
known as a Short Form B/L. The terms are
incorporated by reference to the long form B/L.
- Split B/L: One of two or more B/L’s which have
been split from a single B/L.
- Stale B/L: A late B/L; in banking, a B/L which has
passed the time deadline of the L/C and is void.
- Straight (Consignment) B/L: Indicates the shipper
will deliver the goods to the consignee. It does not
convey title (non-negotiable). Most often used when
the goods have been pre-paid.
- "To Order" B/L: See Negotiable B/L.
- Unique B/L Identifier: U.S. Customs’
standardization: four-alpha code unique to each
carrier placed in front of nine digit B/L number;
APL’s unique B/L Identifier is "APLU". Sea-land uses
"SEAU". These prefixes are also used as the
container identification.
- Voided B/L: Related to Consolidated B/L; those
B/L’s absorbed in the combining process. Different
from Canceled B/L.
BILL OF SALE - Confirms the transfer of ownership of
certain goods to another person in return for money
paid or loaned.
BILL TO PARTY - Customer designated as party paying
for services.
BONDED WAREHOUSE - A warehouse authorized by Customs
authorities for storage of goods on which payment of
duties is deferred until the goods are removed.
BORDER INSPECTION POST (BIP) - Control point at the
place of importation into the European Union (EU)
where products of animal origin (POAO) and live
animals are subject to the veterinary checks regime.
BREAKBULK CARGO - Cargo lifted on and off ships one
piece or bundle at a time using cranes, as opposed
to cargo shipped on trailers or in containers.
BRITISH CHAMBER OF COMMERCE (BCC) - An organisation
comprising a national network of local chambers of
commerce spread throughout the UK. There are also a
number of British chambers of commerce in other
countries. Chambers of commerce provide a range of
business services for members.
BRITISH INTERNATIONAL FREIGHT ASSOCIATION (BIFA) -
The UK trade body, training institute and trading
standards body for freight forwarders.
BS/L - Bills of lading
BT - Berth terms
BTN - Brussels Tariff Nomenclature
CABOTAGE - Transport of goods between two ports or
places located in the same country, often restricted
to domestic carriers.
CAD - cash against documents
CAF - currency adjustment factor. As for BAF except
concerned with exchange rates
CARGO COMMUNITY SYSTEM (CCS-UK) - The computerised
cargo processing system that controls goods in an
inventory linked environment. These systems are
provided in the UK by Community Service providers
(CSPs). They consists of a central database and a
"switch" to transfer messages between the various
computer systems connected to it, in particular HM
Cuustoms & Excise CHIEF.
CCS - A term based on IATA’s design specification
for community systems. CCS-UK relates only to
airfreight.) In the ports, the service is mainly
provided by CSPs, MCP and CNS, except in Dover,
where the port has its own system.
CARGO HANDLING - The act of loading and discharging
a cargo ship.
CARGO MANIFEST - A manifest that lists all cargo
carried on a specific vessel voyage.
CARGO NOS - Cargo Not Otherwise Specified. Usually
the rate entry in a tariff that can apply to
commodities not covered under a specific item or sub
item in the applicable tariff.
CARGO PLAN - A plan giving the quantities and
description of the various grades carried in the
ship’s cargo tanks, after the loading is completed.
CARGO PREFERENCE - Reserving a portion of a nation’s
imports and exports to national-flag vessels.
CARGO RETENTION CLAUSES - Clauses introduced by
charterers based on shortage of delivered cargo
because of increased oil prices.
CARRIAGE OF GOODS BY SEA ACT - A law enacted in 1936
covering the transportation of merchandise by sea to
or from ports of the United States and in foreign
trades.
CARRIERS - Owners or operators of vessels providing
transportation to shippers. The term is also used to
refer to the vessels.
CBR - Commodity box rate
CHARTER PARTY - A written contract between the owner
of a vessel and the person desiring to employ the
vessel (charterer); sets forth the terms of the
arrangement such as duration of agreement, freight
rate and ports involved in the trip.
CHARTERER - The person to whom is given the use of
the whole of the carrying capacity of a ship for the
transportation of cargo or passengers to a stated
port for a specified time.
CHARTER RATES - The tariff applied for chartering
tonnage in a particular trade.
CHARTER PARTY - A contractual agreement between a
ship owner and a cargo owner, usually arranged by a
broker, whereby a ship is chartered (hired) either
for one voyage or a period of time.
CHOPT - In charterers’ option
CHIEF – the central processor of HM Revenue &
Customs in the UK, into which all declaratioins are
channelled, usually via port-based CSPs.
CIF - Cost, insurance and freight. Delivery of goods
is the seller’s responsibility to the port of
discharge. The freight is paid for by the supplier
of goods.
CIFC - Cost, Insurance and commission
CIFFO - Cost, insurance and freight free out
CIM - International convention on the carriage of
goods by rail
CIP - Calling-in-point
CLC - Civil Liability Convention
CLEAN BILL OF LADING - A receipt for goods issued by
a carrier with an indication that the goods were
received in "apparent good order and condition,"
without damage or other irregularities. If no
notation or exception is made, the B/L is assumed to
be "cleaned."
CMI - Comite Maritime International
CMR - Convention on the Contract for the
International Carriage of Goods by road
COA - Contract of affreightment
CODE OF LINER CONDUCT (UNCTAD) - A convention
drafted under the auspices of the United Nations
Conference on Trade and Development which provides
that all shipping traffic between two foreign
countries is to be regulated as far as the
quantities of shipments are concerned on the
following percentages -- 40% for owners of the
country of origin, 40% for owners of country of
destination, and 20% for owners of the country which
is neither the origin nor the destination.
COFC - Container on flatcar
COGSA - Carriage of Goods by Sea
COMMON CARRIER - Holds himself out for hire to the
general public. Must post rates and cannot
discriminate against customers whose cargo he is
equipped to carry.
CONFERENCE - An affiliation of shipowners operating
over the same route(s) who agree to charge uniform
rates and other terms of carriage. A conference is
"closed" if one can enter only by the consent of
existing members of the conference. It is "open" if
anyone can enter by meeting certain technical and
financial standards. Conference members are common
carriers.
CONGESTIONS - Port/berth delays
CONSIGNEE - The person to whom cargo is consigned as
stated on the bills of lading.
CONSIGNOR - The person named in the bill of lading
as the one from whom the goods have been received
for shipment.
CONSOLIDATOR – one who groups individual
consignments (LCL /groupage) into a full unit
CONTAINER - A large rectangular or square steel
container/box of a into which cargo is loaded and
transported. It opens from one side to allow cargo
to be stacked and stowed into it.
CONTAINER MANIFEST - Document showing contents and
loading sequence of a container.
CONTAINER POOL - An agreement between parties that
allows the efficient use and supply of containers. A
common supply of containers available to the shipper
as required.
CONTAINER SHIP - Vessel carrying general cargo
including high-value cargo in containers (boxes)
some of which may be refrigerated
CONTAINER TERMINAL - An area designated for the
stowage of cargoes in container; usually accessible
by truck, railroad and marine transportation. Here
containers are picked up, dropped off, maintained
and housed.
CONTAINER YARD (CY) - A materials handling/storage
facility used for completely unitized loads in
containers and/or empty containers. Commonly
referred to as CY.
COA - contract of affreightment. An agreement to
transport a defined amount of cargo at an agreed
freight rate, with the shipowner choosing the ship.
No need to spell out.
COP - Custom of the port
COTIF - Convention concerning International Carriage
by Rail
CSI - Container Security Initiative
C-TPAT - US Customs-Trade Partnership against
Terrorism
CUSTOMS BONDED WAREHOUSE - A warehouse authorized by
Customs to receive duty-free merchandise.
CY - Container yard
DEMURRAGE - penalty imposed upon the charterer for
voyages that exceed loading/discharging time allowed
in accordance with the charterparty.
DETENTION - A penalty charge against shippers or
consignees for delaying carrier’s equipment beyond
allowed time. Demurrage applies to cargo; detention
applies to equipment.
DISPONENT OWNER - the disponent owner is a lessee
company which wholly operates a vessel, whose
registered owner is a leasing or finance company.
Generally the vessel is regarded as being part of
the disponent owner’s fleet.
EDI - Abbreviation for "Electronic Data
Interchange." Generic term for transmission of
transactional data between computer systems. EDI is
typically via a batched transmission, usually
conforming to consistent standards* such as Edifact
(below).
EDIFACT - International data interchange standards
sponsored by the United Nations.
ENTRY - A customs form used for the clearance of
ships or merchandise.
ERTS – Enhanced Remote Transit Shed. Operated
privately by freight forwarders but approved by HM
Customs & Revenue (UK) for receipt of cargoes for
temporary storage until they are processed under
another customs procedure.
ETA - Estimated time of arrival
ETC - Estimated time of completion
ETD - Estimated time of departure
ETR - Estimated time of readiness
ETS - Estimated time of sailing
FACILITY SECURITY CODE - Universally abbreviated to
ISPS.
FAK - Freight all kinds. Refers to a freight rate
for the container, regardless of the category of
goods moved (as opposed to a commodity tariff).
FAS - Free alongside or free alongside ship
F&CC - Full and complete cargo
FCL- Abbreviation for "Full Container Load."
FD&D - Freight, demurrage and defence
FEEDER SERVICE - Cargo to/from regional ports are
transferred to/from a central hub port for a
long-haul ocean voyage.
FEEDER VESSEL - A short-sea vessel which transfers
cargo between a central "hub" port and smaller
"spoke" ports.
FEU - forty foot equivalent unit (container term).
FIATA – International Federation of Freight
Forwarders Associations
FILO - Free in liner out
FILTD - Free in liner terms discharge
FIO - Free in and out.
FIOLS&D - Freein and out, lashed, secured and
dunnaged
FIOS - Free in and out, stowed
FIOST - Free in and out, stowed and trimmed
FIOT - Free in and out, trimmed
FMC (F.M.C.) - Federal Maritime Commission. The U.S.
Governmental regulatory body responsible for
administering maritime affairs including the tariff
system, Freight Forwarder Licensing, enforcing the
conditions of the Shipping Act and approving
conference or other carrier agreements.
FOB - free on board. Cost of the delivery of goods
is the seller’s responsibility only up to the port
of loading. The freight is paid for by the buyer of
the goods. All lower case, no need to spell out.
FORCE MAJEURE - The title of a common clause in
contracts, exempting the parties for non-fulfillment
of their obligations as a result of conditions
beyond their control, such as earthquakes, floods or
war.
FOREIGN TRADE ZONE - A free port in a country
divorced from Customs authority but under government
control. Merchandise, except that which is
prohibited, may be stored in the zone without being
subject to import duty regulations.
FOUL BILL OF LADING - A receipt for goods issued by
a carrier with an indication that the goods were
damaged when received. Compare Clean Bill of Lading.
FOQ - Free on quay
FOR - Free on rail
FOS - Free oil surcharge
FOT - Free on truck
FOW - First open water
FPT - Fore peak tank
FREE PRATIQUE - Clearance by the Health Authorities
FREE TRADE ZONE - A port designated by the
government of a country for duty-free entry of any
non-prohibited goods. Merchandise may be stored,
displayed, used for manufacturing, etc., within the
zone and re-exported without duties.
FREIGHT - Money payable on delivery of cargo in a
mercantile condition.
FREIGHT FORWARDER – Historically arranges shipments
for customers usually in break bulk and did not
actually carry the cargo or conduct business for the
ship.
However, forwarders increasingly act as the carrier
rarther than agent, buying space with shipping lines
in their own right offering a door-to-door service
spanning covered under FIATA’s Multimodal Transport
Bil of Lading
FREIGHT RATE - The charge made for the
transportation of freight.
FROB - Freight remaining on board
FRT - Freight
GROUPAGE - one of a number of consignments that make
up a unit load i.e. LCL in containers
(consolidation) or trailer groupage (road).
HAGUE RULES - Code of minimum conditions for the
carriage of cargo under a bill of lading
HARBOUR DUES - Various local charges against all
seagoing vessels entering a harbour, to cover
maintenance of channel depths, buoys, lights, etc.
ICC - International chamber of commerce
ICD - Inland container depot. Also used to denote an
Inland Clearance Depot, where goods can be processed
inland under customs control.
IMO - International Maritime Organization -
established in 1958 through the United Nations to
coordinate international maritime safety and related
practices.
INCOTERMS – an exporter’s selling terms (13 in all)
defining the points at which buyers and sellers
transfer their responsibility for transport and
ancilliary charges at various points in the
movement. The term of least responsibility on the
part of the exporter (seller) would br ex-works
(EXW) – the buyer collects. That with the greatest
responsibility is DDP (delivered duty paid).
INTRACOASTAL - Domestic shipping routes along a
single coast.
ISPS - Entering into force in July 2004, the ISPS
Code was the IMO’s legislative response to the
increased threat of terrorism faced by shipping and
ports. Its full name is the International Ship and
Port
IWT - Inland water transport or inland waterways
transport
JIT - Abbreviation for "Just In Time." In this
method of inventory control, warehousing is minimal
or non existent; the container is the movable
warehouse and must arrive "just in time;" not too
early nor too late.
LCL - Less than container load
LESS THAN CONTAINER LOAD - A consignment of cargo
which is inefficient to fill a shipping container.
It is grouped with other consignments for the same
destination in a container at a container freight
station.
LOI - Letter of indemnity
LO-LO - Abbreviated form for the lift-on, lift-off
system of loading and discharging; normally said of
shipping containers, whereby cargo is lifted on and
off a ship by cranes.
LUMPSUM FREIGHT - Money paid to shipper for charter
of a ship (or portion) up to stated limit
irrespective of quantity of cargo
MANIFEST - A document containing a full list of the
ship’s cargo, extracted from the bills of lading.
MERCHANT HAULAGE - is where a shipping line customer
(shipper or forwarder) organises their own haulage
of containers to/from the carrier’s facility
MULTIPURPOSE SHIP - Any ship capable of carrying
different types of cargo which require different
methods of handling. There are several types of
ships falling into this category, for example, ships
which can carry roll on/roll off cargo together with
containers
NON-CONFERENCE LINE - A shipping line which operates
on a route served by a liner conference but which is
not a member of that conference.
NOR - Notice of readiness. Notice to charter,
shipper, receiver or other person that the vessel
has arrived at the port or berth and is ready to
load or discharge.
NVO - Non-vessel owning carrier
NVOC - Non-vessel owning carrier
NVOCC - Non-vessel operating common carrier.
OCEAN WAYBILL - A document, issued by a shipping
line to a shipper which serves as a receipt for the
goods and evidence of the contract carriage.
PORT CIP - Contracts with berth CIP. NOR can be
given when within commercial limits of the port
PSCO - Port State Control Officer
PSS - Port Security Surcharge
REEFER - Refrigerator ship; a vessel designed to
carry goods requiring refrigeration, such as meat
and fruit. A reefer ship has insulated holds into
which cold air is passed at the temperature
appropriate to the goods being carried.
REEFER BOX - An insulated shipping container
designed to carry cargoes requiring temperature
control. It is fitted with a refrigeration unit
which is connected to the carrying ship’s electrical
power supply.
RETURN CARGO - A cargo which enables a ship to
return loaded to the port or area where her previous
cargo was loaded.
REVERSIBLE-TIME - Option for charterers to add
together time allowed for loading & discharging
relative to terms of a particular charter party
RMG or RMGC - Rail-mounted gantry crane
RMQC - Rail-mounted quay crane
ROB - Remaining on board
ROLLING CARGO - Cargo which is on wheels, such as
truck or trailers, and which can be driven or towed
on to a ship.
RO/RO SHIP - Freight ship or ferry with facilities
for vehicles to drive on and off (roll-on roll-off);
a system of loading and discharging a ship whereby
the cargo is driven on and off on ramps. Equipped
with large openings at bow and stern and sometimes
also in the side, the ship permits rapid loading and
discharge with hydraulically operated ramps
providing easy access. Fully loaded trucks or
trailers carrying containers are accommodated on the
deck.
S - Summer
SAD – Single Administrative Document. The prime
document for entering customs declarations in Europe
on non-EU goods, currently being updated as
Harmonised SAD (SAD-H)
SELF-SUSTAINING SHIP- A containership which has her
own crane for loading and discharging shipping
containers enabling the ship to serve ports which do
not have suitable lifting equipment.
SELF-TRIMMING SHIP - A ship whose holds are shaped
in such a way that the cargo levels itself.
SHIPPER - A shipper is a person or company in the
business of sending cargo, not running ships.
SLT - Side-loading trailer
SOC - Shipper’s own container
TACA - Transatlantic Conference Agreement, a
rate-setting body in the container trade.
TEU - Twenty Foot Equivalent Unit (containers): A
measurement of cargo-carrying capacity on a
containership, referring to a common container size
of 20 ft in length.
THC - Terminal handling charge
TONNAGE - A quantity of cargo normally expressed as
a number of tons.
TRADING LIMITS - Maritime area usually specified by
range of ports in which a vessel may operate
UNCLOS - UN Convention on Law of the Sea
UNCTAD - United Nations Conference on Trade and
Development
UU - Unless used
VAT - Value Added Tax
V/C - Voyage charter
VOCC - Vessel operating common carrier or vessel
owning common carrier. Generally used to distinguish
such carriers from NVOCCs
VOY - Voyage
VSA - Vessel sharing agreement
W (1) - Weight
W (2) - Winter
WEATHER PERMITTING - That time during which weather
that prevents working shall not count as laytime
WEATHER WORKING DAY - A working day or part of a
working day during which it is or if the vessel is
still waiting for her turn, it would be possible to
load/discharge the cargo without interference due to
the weather.
WEF - With effect from weighing anchor is the
process of lifting an anchor off the sea bottom
after being anchored. Nothing to do with waiting or
weighting.
WIBON - Whether in berth or not
WIFPON - Whether in free pratique or not
WIPON - Whether in port or not
W/M - Weight or measure
WNA - Winter North Atlantic
WOG - Without guarantee
WP - Weather permitting
WRIC - Wire rod in coil
WTS - Working time saved
WW - Weather working
WWD - Weather working day
WWR - When where ready
WWRCD - When where ready on completion of discharge
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